Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus has been the cause of an important peanut disease in southwestern Texas since the mid-1980s. Following observations of elevated disease incidence associated with poor stands, high seeding rates were recommended to reduce risks of spotted wilt. The primary objective of this study was to determine the relationship of spotted wilt incidence to seeding rate and irrigation. Whether the management of rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) and southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) would be affected by seeding rate and irrigation was a secondary objective. Two runner peanut cultivars, GK-7 and Southern Runner, were planted in 1992 and 1993 in single rows with a precision planter at 8, 12, and 22 seeds m2 and irrigated with amounts ranging from a season total of 0 to 760 mm. Spotted wilt (30.5-cm-loci with symptoms) at digging differed significantly for GK-7 and Southern Runner in 1992 (29 vs. 20) and 1993 (23 vs. 16). The seeding rate of either cultivar did not significantly affect spotted wilt in either year. Spotted wilt increased as irrigation increased to a peak of 535 mm total water in 1992 and 587 mm in 1993, and decreased slightly at higher irrigation levels. Rust was significantly affected by seeding rate only in 1992, with lowest rust ratings at 8 seeds m2. GK-7 had significantly higher rust ratings than Southern Runner in 1992 and 1993. Southern blight in 1993 was lowest with below-optimum irrigation. Reduced seeding rate in irrigated peanut production did not increase risk of spotted wilt under conditions of this study and may have potential to enhance management efforts for rust and southern blight.
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Keywords: Arachis hypogaea, plant population, Puccinia arachidis, Sclerotium rolfsii, TSWV
How to Cite:
Black, M. & Tewolde, H. & Fernandez, C. & Schubert, A., (2001) “Seeding Rate, Irrigation, and Cultivar Effects on Tomato Spotted Wilt, Rust, and Southern Blight Diseases of Peanut¹”, Peanut Science 28(1), p.1-4. doi: https://doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-28-1-1