ARTICLES

In Vitro Reproductive Development of Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators, Sucrose and pH¹

Authors: , ,

Abstract

Research on in vitro embryo culture in Arachis has the objective of rescuing interspecific hybrid embryos which abort before they reach maturity. This study explored effects of the three exogenous plant growth regulators 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP); sucrose; and medium pH on in vitro fruit and embryo development of A. hypogaea L. by culturing 10-d-old peg tips. Results indicated that medium containing 0.5 to 1.0 mg L-1 NAA was optimal for in vitro pod formation and embryo development. GA3 did not have a significant influence and 6-BAP had negative effects on both in vitro fruit and embryo development. High concentrations of 6-BAP and NAA induced callus which inhibited ovary enlargement and embryo development. Sixty g L-1 sucrose was the best concentration for ovary enlargement and embryo development. Acidic medium was needed for in vitro reproductive development with pH 4.56.5 the most favorable. A pod formation frequency of 81%, a seed production rate of 90% (from pods recovered in vitro), and plant recovery of 33% were obtained for a medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg L-1 GA plus 60 g L-1 sucrose at pH 5.8. In vitro-recovered cotyledonary embryos between 4 and 10 mm long germinated precociously into seedlings at relatively higher frequencies than morphologically mature embryos which produced more vigorous plants.

Full Article Available as PDF only - Use Download Feature

Keywords: Embryo, ovule, pod, peg, in vitro culture, Tissue Culture

How to Cite: Feng, Q. , Pattee, H. & Stalker, H. (1995) “In Vitro Reproductive Development of Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators, Sucrose and pH¹”, Peanut Science. 22(2). doi: https://doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-22-2-12

Author Notes

1This research was partially supported by the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh, NC 276957643 and the Peanut CRSP, USAID grant DAN-4048-G-SS-206500. Recommendations neither represent an official position nor policy of the NCARS or USAID.