A better understanding of the genetic relationship among different testa colors is needed in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding programs. Numerous genes are involved in this important U.S. market quality trait. However, the relationship among some of these genes is not yet known. The objective of this study was to determine the interaction among the three genes (P, w₁, and w₂) controlling purple and wine testa color. No maternal or cytoplasmic differences were found among three reciprocal purple x wine testcrosses. The F₁, F₂, and F₃ segregation results suggest that purple testa color of PI 331334 differs from that of wine testa color parental lines (PI 264549, Wine-Frr 1 and Wine-Frr 2) by only two genes. These findings illustrate that the dominant purple testa color gene (P) is independent from at least one of the two recessive wine genes (w₁ w₁ or w₂w₂).