Five lines of Virginia-type peanuts, Florigiant (FG), NC 6, NC 17921 (FG × Florunner), NC 17922 (FG × Valencia), NC 17976 (FG × Spanhoma), were selected from the advanced breeding lines and the standard variety test. They were grown at 4 county locations, 2 in North Carolina and 2 in Virginia, with 3 replications (blocks) in a randomized complete block design; adjacent plots were used for each digging. Free amino acid and free sugars were determined on sound mature kernels. Statistical analysis showed significant differences for varieties and locations. The variety effects were larger in the case of the free sugar contents. NC 6 had the largest quantity of glucose (0.12 mg/g), sucrose (37.45 mg/g), and stachyose (4.24 mg/g), while FG was highest in inositol (0.15 mg/g). In the case of free amino acids (μmoles/g), significant variety effects were observed for threonine-serine (1.55–1.92), alanine (0.95–1.53), peptide-cystine (1.28–1.50), valine (0.42–0.62), and histidine (0.58–0.66). Peanuts grown at Northampton County (NC) had the highest quantities of inositol (0.16 mg/g), sucrose (32.39 mg/g), stachyose (4.63 mg/g), aspartic acid (1.48 μmoles/g), threonine-serine (2.55), glutamic acid (7.49), alanine (1.89), valine (0.76), isoleucine (0.23) unknown 4-tyrosine (0.37), and histidine (0.78). The arginine maturity index value, calcium content, % sound mature kernels, % extra large kernels, and yield data are discussed.